`IllegalArgumentException` is an exception that occurs in Java when an invalid argument is passed to a method. This means the value or argument provided to the method is either not within the expected range or is not a valid value for the method to operate correctly.
**Cause:**
`IllegalArgumentException` typically occurs in the following situations:
1. **Passing an argument outside the expected range**: When a method expects a value within a specific range and an argument outside that range is passed, the exception is thrown.
```java
public void doSomething(int value) {
if (value < 0 || value > 100) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("value must be between 0 and 100.");
}
// Method logic processing
}
doSomething(120); // This will throw an IllegalArgumentException
```
2. **Passing an argument of an unexpected data type**: When a method requires a specific data type for an argument, and a different data type is provided, the exception is thrown.
```java
public void doSomething(String name) {
if (name == null || name.isEmpty()) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("name cannot be empty.");
}
// Method logic processing
}
doSomething(42); // This will throw an IllegalArgumentException
```
**Solution:**
To avoid `IllegalArgumentException`, ensure that valid arguments are passed to the method. Here are some solutions to handle and prevent this exception:
1. **Validate the argument's validity**: Perform necessary checks on the argument before using it in the method to ensure it falls within the expected range.
```java
public void doSomething(int value) {
if (value < 0 || value > 100) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("value must be between 0 and 100.");
}
// Method logic processing
}
```
2. **Use the correct data type**: Make sure the argument provided matches the expected data type for the method.
```java
public void doSomething(String name) {
if (name == null || name.isEmpty()) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("name cannot be empty.");
}
// Method logic processing
}
```
By performing the necessary argument validation and ensuring that valid arguments are provided, you can effectively handle and prevent `IllegalArgumentException` in your Java programs. This improves method safety and enhances exception handling.
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